Project: Voltar-S21   -  
            Listing for Category : fuselage
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Builder Name:Vern Little   -  
Project:   Rans - S-21 Outbound   -   VIEW REPORTS
Total Hours:2310.8
Start/Last Date:Mar 06, 2018 - No Finish Date
 
Friendly URL: https://eaabuilderslog.org?s=Voltar-S21

Home or Last Project Picture

May 02, 2024     Canopy Ribs - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Riveted canopy ribs in place
.


 
May 01, 2024     Priming Canopy - (2.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Shot grey primer on canopy parts. Used Axalta Cromax V-2940S (formerly DuPont) primer/sealer for the top coat. Some parts use Super Koropon chromated primer for corrosion resistance, with the Cromax on top.


 
May 01, 2024     Primer Prep - (2.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Scrubbed canopy and misc parts with Scotchbrite and Prekote clone (my own formula).


 
Apr 13, 2024     Skylight Ribs, Spinner - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Trimmed and deburred skylight ribs. Need to buy more primer so I can spray them grey.

The aluminum standoff started life as a 4-40 threaded unit from Digi-Key, wandering around my inventory of electronics supplies. I drilled out the threads with a #30 drill. A (very) long rivet will be used to attach the rib to the welded tab through the spacer.


 
Apr 12, 2024     Skylight Ribs - (3.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Completed tweaking skylight ribs. By using the wingtip ribs as templates, I accurately bent all three ribs. The forward ends I bent in a vise, which slightly creased them. However, the fit looks perfect.

The center rib needs a 1/4” stand off for the aft connection.


 
Apr 11, 2024     Skylight Ribs - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Bent Skylight ribs by matching up to wingtip ribs for rough bending, then following Rans instructions using wing to wing straight edges in the center section.


 
Apr 10, 2024     Skylight install - (3.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Organized parts and fabricated straight edges for Skylight installation. Fabricated bending blocks and attached to workbence. Started bending skylight ribs to shape.


 
Sep 27, 2023     Oil Door - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled for cowling oil door hidden hinge. Reused existing flange, but changed it's orientation. Drilled for Camloc fasteners and fabricated a fluted stiffener to alow adjustment of door shape. Countersunk for solid rivets, both AN426 on the cowl and NAS1097 reduced head types on the door to attach hinge, fluted stiffener, and Camloc. I may also uses epoxy as a bonding agent.

The blue piece is an Alclad sheet, roughed-in as a strike plate to be attached later. The Inside View shows two rivets set as keepers that allow partial assembly for alignment before cowling holes were drilled


 
Sep 26, 2023     Cowling Work - (2.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Redrilled and countersunk the glassed-in holes on the L nostril. Trimmed cowling exit to provide more exhaust pipe clearance. Started oil door construction— using an Avery hidden hinge, and an RV-6 composite oil door, trimmed to fit. Plan on using one or two Camloc KM610 button latches. Can't reuse the metal door provided because of the extra holes, but the backing plate I can reverse and use for the flange.

On my RV-9A I used one Camloc, but it popped open in flight once until I tweaked the strikeplate. On my Rocket, I used two with no problems— but the door doesn't have any internal pressure because of a plenum doghouse. I will go with two on the S-21, since it will have internal pressure and to keep the fiberglass door flush. I will put a stiffener on the fiberglass.


 
Sep 25, 2023     Fairings and Cowling - (2.3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Attached bottom fairings with #8 screws. Shifted one quarter-turn fastener socket that was out of alignment. Now you can see why I clocked the original mounting— it leaves the option for a re-do.. Filled nostril holes on left side that are used to attach baffle seals. They were over- countersunk— need to redrill and countersink more accurately.


 
Sep 13, 2023     Cowling - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled and rivet for nutplates on cowling nose. These are not shown in the plans from my era, but is the current practice. I switched to #8 screws because I had the inventory.

Tidied up the avionics and clecoed the top boot cowl in place. Ready to install wings and tail soon, but preoccupied with smaller tasks and hangar cleanup (crate demolition). My new hangar is done, so I will have much more space soon.


 
Sep 07, 2023     Boot Cowl Rivering - (2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Wet riveted the forward fuselage bottom, coanda fairing and boot cowl side panels in place. Will remove the top boot cowl to fine tune and test the avionics installation and calibration


 
Sep 06, 2023     Coanda Fairing - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
AKA Firewall Exit Fairing. Installed exit fairing using stainless rivets and backing washers. Attached breather vent and fuel pump overflow drain to fairing. Since I planned the fairing from the beginning, I didn't use the supplied hardware to mount the drain and breather. The attachment to the fairing uses #8 nutplates.


 
Sep 05, 2023     Nutplates and Paint - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Attached bottom fairing nutplates to fuselage bottom skins. Sprayed epoxy primer on bottom fairings and firewall Coanda fairing. The green nutplates pictured in Bottom 2 were installed previously for the interior panels.


 
Sep 04, 2023     Bottom Fairings - (3.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled and deburred for all of the nutplates to attach the bottom fairings. Using #8 nutplates, lined up parallel with fairing edge so that attachment rivets will be hiddem.. Some minor modification to the fuel pump mount was made to allow access for one of the nutplates. The two forward nutplates lay partially under the floorboard, so deburring one hole requires a bit more effort with a chip chaser tool.

The aft outboard nutplates are of the one-legged type, just due to convenience in mounting.


 
Sep 02, 2023     Bottom Fairings - (2.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Carefully measured and drilled bottom fairings to locate nutplates. This requires removal of forward bottom skin, which is clecoed in place.

The measuring included locating fuselage cage steel tubes using small ring magnets, then marking with tape strips, The Left Side photo shows one of the ring magnets.


 
Sep 01, 2023     Fuselage Bottom Fairings - (3.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Trimmed the R bottom fairing to fit. Cleaned up and moved the large crate under the S-21 so I could crawl under the fuselage and accurately mark the fairings for attachment holes.
 
Nov 17, 2022     Firewall Exit Fairing - (2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Completed drill and deburring for the firewall exit fairing. The deburring of the stainless on the cabin side of the firewall was done with a sandstone grinding stone.

To demonstrate the Coanda effect, I taped a plastic strip to the fairing, then gently blew on the fairing with an air gun. You can see the strip wrap itself around the fairing as it followed the airflow. This helps to direct and accelerate the high pressure heated air in the cowling, which improves cooling airflow and directs the airflow aft, adding a bit of thrust.


 
Nov 14, 2022     Exit Fairing - (2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Began construction of Coanda fairing for lower firewall.


 
Oct 27, 2022     Aft Baggage - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Cleaned up, clecoed side boot cowl panels in place', touched up fabric glue, and secured aft baggage ribs with safety wire. It would have been better to have this riveted in place, but the instructions and drawings had no indication fir this.


 
Oct 26, 2022     Brakes and Fuel Shutoff - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Rather than using safety wire, I used a cable clamp to secure the parking brake cable.

Added a fuel shutoff between header tank and filter.

The coiled fuel line between the header tank and the shutoff is designed to flex when the tank expands or shifts in position.


 
Oct 25, 2022     Rerigging Cabin Heat - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Had to remove cabin heat box and drill out the actuator arm to 1/4” to accommodate the B-nut.

Discovered that the actuator arm was also too thick, so the cable would bind and prevent operation. Ground down the actuator arm thickness and everything works fine.

Pretty disappointed in the quality of this expensive item. Remachining should not be required, especially after mounting.... grrrh!

Fined tuned parking brake installation. I had originally made a mistake on which cable to use for the parking brake control, so I replaced it with the proper one, as shown below. I also figured out how to install the B-nut properly. Mine had a burr on it that prevented this, so once I fixed that everything came together.

I still need to safety wire or cable clamp the control lines in place.


 
Oct 24, 2022     Cabin Heat Box - (4.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Installed cabin heat box on firewall. Used an instrument punch for the big hole.

Rerigged parking brake valve cable— more work required.


 
Oct 23, 2022     Interior Stuff - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Groomed Pitot/Static/AOA lines.
Added Velcro attachments for interior side panels to help hold them in place.


 
Oct 22, 2022     Shunt, Vents, Static - (3.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Repaired faulty Dynon shunt base by replacing it with a shop-made phenolic base. I did this in my Harmon Rocket when the base melted, this time it just broke at one of the hold down screw bosses.

Attached the two NACA vents, riveted and bonded with Alex Plus sealant. Rerouted static lines, and added 1/8” in-line splices to simplify final assembly.


 
Oct 17, 2022     NACA ducts and Static ports - (2.7 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Mounted the NACA ducts with clecoes and connected them to the cabin vents with spiral tubing. Located and drilled for the rivets used for static ports. Wet riveted the static ports in place and drove out the stems. Need to plumb the ports.


 
Sep 28, 2022     Door Sealing - (25 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Used DAP Ultra Clear sealant to caulk the Lexan windows. Avoided silicone to prevent paint problems later on.

The photos demonstrate how clear the sealant is… almost invisible.


 
Sep 27, 2022     Door Latch - (3.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Attached left door handle and added weatherstripping to both doors.

Tweaked upper rear trim strip pieces to allow doors to open fully.


 
Sep 26, 2022     Door Latch (Original Style) - (4.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Added the door struts, both sides. Trimmed door trim on upper edges to allow full door opening.

Completed the door latch assembly on the right door. I made two new spacers, one internal and one external (between the handle and lexan) so that everything closes up tight.

Bonded the forward strike plates to the fuselage tubes as required.

Drilled the handle in place and enlarged the holes as required. Press fit the flange nut with a C clamp. I had to run a tap through the flange nut so that the 6-32 screw would engage.


 
Sep 22, 2022     Door Latches - (3.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fitted the door latch mechanisms. Instructions are confusing due to overlapping revisions, but with some logical figgurin' it's working out.

I will likely need to make spacers to go between the external handles and the door to keep everything tight.


 
Sep 21, 2022     Door Latches - (2.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Finished riveting center strip of right door and dabbing primer on the rivet heads.

Started the installation of the door latch assembly. I have the welded tube version of the latch assembly, so didn't need to fabricate the pivot tubes.
 
Sep 20, 2022     Door Riveting - (2.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Riveted Right door assembly, except for center strip.
 
Sep 20, 2022     Rigging Parking Brake - (1.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Reinstalled the Parking Brake control. I should have mounted it on a sub panel, because right now it has to be disconnected and pulled out if I want to remove the panel.

I don't like the way the push pull cable operates, needs a better design. The Wire Swivel Nut is just not right. I think a set screw should be used on the flared end rather than the #8 screw I used. That way the push pull wire can be captured and not slip.

I now realize that i am using the wrong cable for this. I will swap out with the correct one for final installation.


 
Sep 19, 2022     Door Riveting - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Riveted Left door. First, I made sure all of the holes in the steel frame were primed with epoxy primer. Also dipped the rivets used for the top aluminum trim piece on the interior. The plastic trim pieces were riveted without dipping (so the primer wouldn't attack the polycarbonate), but the heads were covered in primer afterwards. The top exterior row was riveted without dipping or coating.

The rivets that were indicated to be smashed on the inside, I subsituted with soft AN solid rivets, cut to length. I countersunk the interior plastic trim piece, the squeezed the rivets. The interior surfaces became perfectly flush. I also added a couple of rivets to keep the trim pieces together.

The center bar was riveted and attached with VHB tape. My plans just said 'Acrylic Tape', but the new plans call out (and provide) 'VHB Tape'.


 
Sep 17, 2022     Door Final Assembly - (3.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Peeled protective covering from margins of the door panels and deburred all lexan holes. Clecoed all of the primed trim pieces in place, ready for riveting.
 
Sep 16, 2022     Priming - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Shot grey primer for door trim, subpanel and a few other bits.


 
Sep 14, 2022     Door Paint Prep - (1.7 hours) Category: Fuselage
Deburring, cleaning and sanding/scotchbriting door trim parts. The plan is to shoot grey primer.
 
Sep 13, 2022     Drilled for Tinnermans - (.2 hour)       Category: Fuselage
Off the plans here.... I want to secure the interior panels properly, so I am adding some Tinnermans to the floor board. The Tinnermans are shown on the inside as drill templates, but will be mounted from below.


 
Sep 12, 2022     Door Hanging - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Completed drilling of R door and hung in place. Clecoed together until I prime the parts for final assembly.

The center channel was drilled #40, then it was used as the guide to match drill to the center frame. Finally, I upsized the holes to #30.


 
Sep 08, 2022     Door Fabrication - (2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fit, drilled and trimmed L door Lexan pieces. Marking the cut lines on the center bow with masking tape as a cutting guide worked well.

Cutting disc in the pneumatic die grinder sure throws up plastic dust! Note the PPE.


 
Sep 07, 2022     Door Install - (3.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Completed Lexan fitup on R door, drilled the two holes for the door latch mechanism, and began fitup on L door.
 
Sep 06, 2022     Door Fabrication - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Worked on fitting Lexan panels to Right door frame. Still need to finalize the trimming down the center bow. The masking tape marks the final trim line.


 
Sep 05, 2022     Door Fitup - (4 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Attached Door Trim pieces to L door frame, then trimmed both door front trim pieces to the station 2 tube centers (minus 1/32"). Since I haven't attached the boot cowl sides, I used my edge marking tool to find the center of the tubes, then traced this onto the door trim pieces.

Match drilled bottom R door window. I used a dulled #30 drill for this-- chucked the drill then spun it against a grinder to make a dull conical point. This prevents it from grabbing the polycarbonate, and the heat helps to anneal the plastic when it's drilled.


 
Sep 03, 2022     Door Fabrication - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled and deburred plastic Door Trim for right side door. Discovered that drilling near the corner welds would snap the drill bits, so I moved the holes. I'll put some plastic epoxy filler in the old holes.

Started left door by drilling top Door Trim into place and deburring holes. Shifted strip position to avoid welds, and not break any more drill bits!


 
Sep 02, 2022     Doors - (2.7 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fabricating right side door. Adjusted hoop bend per the Figures. Test fit into fuselage and and made other minor bends to ensure the door closes with consistent gaps to the fuselage tubes.

Trimmed and drilled the top Door Trim, clecoed in place. Clamped bottom, forward and rear plastic Door Trim strips in place, ready for drilling.

I plan on priming the bits before assembly (coward's grey).


 
Aug 10, 2022     Completed Flap Lever Housing - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fine tuned flap lever housing fit and added screws to center console.


 
Jul 27, 2022     Flap Actuator Housing - (3.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Fussing with housing fit and drilling for #4 screws. Need to re-rig mechanism for smooth operation and to refine the fit.
 
Jul 26, 2022     Flap Lever Housing - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fussed with the fit of the flap lever housing. Bonded on doubler. Shortened bolt and bushing length on flap lever to prevent interference with the housing.

Modified my custom flaps position sensor to use countersunk screw attachment, and minimize interference with the flap lever housing.


 
Jul 25, 2022     Foward Baggage and Console - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Riveted all the required nutplates in place. Riveted stiffeners to forward baggage floor.

The angle that attaches the center console to the station 2 cover cannot be attached according to the plans. Instead, I used flush rivets, inserted from the back side so they don't interfere with the fuselage tubes.


 
Jul 24, 2022     Forward Baggage Floor & Side Panels - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Match drilled side panels, deburred all parts. For match drilling, I used 1/8" rivets with the stems removed, placed into the fuselage tang holes (or whatever hole that needed to be found). I then dabbed the rivet head with nail polish, waited a few seconds for it to gel, then pressed the side panel up against the rivet heads.

This transferred a witness mark on the back side of the side panels. I disassembled, drilled #40 in the center of the witness mark, then reassembled. Finally, I drilled the #40 holes to #30.

The best witness marks showed two concentric circles-- not well shown in the photos.


 
Jul 22, 2022     Forward Baggage Floor - (2.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fitted and drilled floor stiffeners and trial fitted. As mentioned previously, don't use the dimensions in the Figures manual... measure what you need as you go.


 
Jul 21, 2022     Forward Baggage Floor - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fabricating stiffeners for baggage floor. Plans dimensions are wrong, so I just measure against the cage and trimmed accordingly.


 
Oct 03, 2021     Priming - (3.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Prepping and priming various aluminum parts: ADAHRS tray, OnSpeed mount angles, comm antenna doubler, strut doublers, and miscellaneous dohickies.
 
May 31, 2021     Master Contactor - (1.7 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Swapped some contactor cables and ran master switch wire to panel. Routing not finalized. The ground wire is 2 AWG welding cable from another project that fits perfectly. This frees up the stock ground wire to be used as the power wire to the contactor.

Checked fit with mockup of the aileron cable, looks good.


 
May 29, 2021     Battery Install - (2.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Installed master contactor and battery cables. I may swap the ground and battery contactor cables, just because. I am also planning to put a charging port connected directly to the battery, with access through a panel on the floorboard. I don't believe in ground power ports for jump starting (best way to kill an alternator), but charging is fine. 30 minutes on a charger will bring a battery up to a condition capable of starting an engine.


 
May 25, 2021     Floor Boards - (1.0 hour)       Category: Fuselage
Fabricated additional floor boards. Added hinges to connect the baggage compartment boards. Note, a third hinge was added after this photo was taken, and the rear floorboard was trimmed to line up with the S5 bulkhead for easier access to the S5-S6 compartment.


 
May 19, 2021     Floor boards - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fabricated floor boards to be used for installation of avionics and inspections. Used left over material from shipping crates. I will make one more board for the seat area.

Broke ground on my new hangar!


 
Apr 30, 2021     Fuel Lines - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Roughed in my new fuel lines between the header tank and fuel shut-off. The line from the tank to the pump is design to flex if the tank shifts.

Also fabricated a backing board for drilling the panel.


 
Apr 13, 2021     Prepping battery box - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Decided to use an AGM battery in the stock location. Also, tightened header tank clamps.


 
Mar 31, 2021     Installing fuel pump and valve - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Installation of fuel pump and valve. Unfortunately, fuel lines are missing and not on my inventory sheet. Correction: Somehow I received old parts, and the fuel lines from the header tank to the firewall are meant to be fabricated and attached with hose clamps. Not airworthy for a fuel injection system in my opinion, so I will be replacing with new high pressure lines at my own expense.

Close to $1000 in replacement parts to date.


 
Mar 30, 2021     Drilling firewall - (4.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W 2.0 hrs. Drilled most holes in firewall with cobalt twist drills and unibits. The unibits really remove burrs nicely.

Completed fuel pump mount and riveted on nut plates as required.
 
Mar 29, 2021     Installing header fuel tank - (2.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Fit tank into place and ran long stainless hose clamps into position.

Drilled and trimmed fuel pump plate and shortened pump assembly according to plans.
 
Mar 28, 2021     Fitting header tank - (2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Riveted tank support in place. Marked and drilled for sump drain. Installed tank portion of sump drain fittings. Enlarged sump drain hole to 1-3/4” using carbide bit in rotary tool and half round file. This allows the large nut on the sump drain fitting to fit through the floor.

Instructions are cryptic/missing, in some cases refer to non-existing parts. Probably a residue from Rotax instructions.


 
Mar 26, 2021     Pepping and priming - (1.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Prepped and primed header tank support, autopilot servo trays, servo brackets, and fuel pump tray
 
Mar 25, 2021     Header tank fit up - (3.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Drilled the three 3/4” fuel feed holes and assembled the fuel tank fittings and leak tested per the plans. Too bad Rans didn't mention that installing the aft AN nipples would prevent the tank from fitting into the fuse.

So I removed the AN nipples. Will have to leak test again much later in the project. Grrrr.
 
Mar 24, 2021     Mounting Header Tank - (4 hours) Category: Fuselage
Laying out position of full tank support and fabricating stiffener. Notched existing stiffener in fuselage bottom. Match drilled tank support to existing tabs. The tank support does not fit properly with the dimensions given in the figures. Adjustments made to ensure edge distance on rivets, but not totally compliant. Obviously another error in design or fabrication from Rans.
 
Mar 24, 2021     3/5 Category: Fuselage
 
Feb 20, 2021     Rerouting brake lines - (1.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Rerouted the brake lines based on the current information. Needed to remove brake master cylinders and reclock the AN fittings so the flex lines routed properly.
definitely not what the plans recommended, but works well.
 
Feb 19, 2021     Brake lines and seats - (4.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.0 hrs. Attaching brake lines. Frustrated by poor instructions. Discovered later that the brake line routing diagram was wrong and that a new one was available. Once again, Rans document control is an epic fail. Need to remove brake cylinders and reclock fittings then reroute lines.

Also worked on construction of seats and prepping parts.
 
Feb 18, 2021     Brake master cylinders and seats - (6.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 3.0 hrs. Attaching the brake master cylinders. Changed the washers as required to improve the fit on the pedals, and will be changing the top bolts out to AN3-12 to fine tune the fit. Deburring and prepping parts for the seat assembly.


 
Feb 16, 2021     Parking brake install - (4.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Installation of parking brake and brake fluid reservoir. Can't locate the AN bulkhead tee and some other AN fittings. Part of Fuse kit.


 
Feb 15, 2021     Rudder pedal rigging - (6.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 3.0 hrs. R&R floor board to drill additional bottom skin rivet holes to ensure skin lies flat at trailing edge.

Reinstalled rudder pedals and started assembly of elevator controls. Fabricated spacers and bushings for the assembly by using drill press as as a vertical lathe.

Torqued bolts and secured cotter pins.
 
Feb 11, 2021     Rigging rudder pedals - (5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.5 hrs. Mounted reinforcing angle on firewall and rigged rudder pedals to rudder cables. Primed faying surface of angle.
 
Feb 10, 2021     Rigging rudder pedals - (3.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Mounting rudder pedal assemblies. Connecting cables to tail wheel assembly.

Removed powder cost from rudder bar to allow free movement in bushings.


 
Feb 09, 2021     Deburring and pedal assembly - (6.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 3 hrs. Continued deburring interior parts. Assembled and mounted rudder pedals to linkage. CCPQ-62 rivet stems would not break off, so I cut them off with a rotary disc.

Added thin steel washers behind cotter pins to protect nylon washers.


 
Feb 08, 2021     Rudder pedal sssembly - (4.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.0. Parts deburring and assembly/riveting of rudder pedals. Wet riveted the stainless rivets.

The back angles of the pedals were not bent to 90 degrees. Adjusted the angles by clamping in a vise and tapping the flanges with a ball peen hammer.


 
Feb 06, 2021     Floorboard - (2.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Applied weatherstripping tape to fuse floor tubes and platenut mounts for noise isolation. Attached forward bottom skin with clecos to check for clearnces. Rounded up rudder system parts and began deburring the aluminum components. Found minor packaging damage to one pedal, but it will see a lot more abuse in the future.
 
Feb 05, 2021     Installing platenuts - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Installed platenuts for forward fuse floor attachment. Purchased foam weatherstripping for floorboard sound insulation.


 
Feb 04, 2021     Deburring and floor install - (6.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 3 hrs. Deburring of interior parts. Backdrilling forward floor. Several platenut holes were mot accessible, so had to use tape vectors to find hole positions.


 
Feb 03, 2021     Deburring - (1.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Deburring Interior parts. Repaired a minor dent in one sheet.
 
Feb 02, 2021     Inventory - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Wrapped up inventory and stapled parts to boards. Most of the hardware I put in bin boxes.


 
Jan 30, 2021     Inventory - (1 hour) Category: Fuselage
Inventory of interior parts.
 
Jan 29, 2021     Deburring - (2.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. Deburring interior and FWF parts.
 
Jan 29, 2021     Inventory - (3 hours) Category: Fuselage
More inventory work.
 
Jan 28, 2021     Deburring interior parts. - (2.7 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. Deburring various interior parts.
 
Jan 20, 2021     Cleanup - (2 hours) Category: Fuselage
Nuff said
 
Jan 19, 2021     Cleanup - (2.2 hours) Category: Fuselage
Reorganizing hangar and preparing for finishing kit arrival. Trimmed baggage floor and enlarged screw holes to #19.
 
Jan 18, 2021     Boot Cowl cleanup - (2.7 hours) Category: Fuselage
Disassembled bootcowl, deburred holes and trimmed edges.
 
Jan 17, 2021     Up-drilling firewall - (2.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Up-drilled firewall spacers and cowl attach strips to #30. Also drilled additional rivet holes to boot cowl where required to ensure skins lay flat. Now out of parts, awaiting next subkit shipment.


 
Jan 16, 2021     Fabricated Cowl mounting strips - (2.2 hours) Category: Fuselage
Fabricated cowl mounting strips. Used precut and punched material included in my kit and ignored Text instructions which specify modifying 30" strips. Noticed that O-340 parts manual shows entirely different strips. Match drilled in place. May wait until FWF kit before final drilling to #30, in case they are different for the O-340

I am concerned that there are not enough rivets for the firewall mounting or to hold the edges of the boot cowl sides flat. I will likely add rivets to obvious places to ensure appearance and structural integrity.
 
Jan 15, 2021     Trimming boot cowl skins. - (3.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Trimmed boot cowl skins and spacer strips plus firewall tab to be flush.


 
Jan 14, 2021     Trimming and drilling boot cowl - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled boot cowl sides to top, inserted and match drilled glareshield. Used a piece of hinge material to mark trimming forward edge of boot cowl skins at the firewall (hmm, maybe cowl attach with hinges?). Removed Right boot cowl skin and trimmed forward edge. Edge formed bottom edge to help it lay flat, and need to trim tab on panel bulkhead as well. May need extra rivets to hold the skin edge tight. Reinstalled.


 
Jan 13, 2021     Drilling Boot Cowl - (2.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Carefully drilling boot cowl skins to firewall tabs with spacers in place. Started with boot cowl sides, then up and over to top center of firewall, both sides.
 
Jan 12, 2021     Fitting boot cowl - (4.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 1.5 hrs. Bent firewall and panel bulkhead tabs to allow boot cowl skins to lay flat. Deciphered installation of cowl spacer strips and fit them between firewall tabs and boot cowl skins.

Roll formed boot cowl skins using 6” PVC pipe. This helps them fit the curved shape of the forward fuse. Used ratchet straps to hold the skins tight.


 
Jan 11, 2021     Boot Cowl Asembly - (3.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fabricated stiffeners for side skins and drilled boot cowl side skins to floor bottom. Fit up instrument panel and top skins.


 
Jan 09, 2021     Drilling side skins to tabs - (1.0 hour)       Category: Fuselage
I am considering mounting plexi windows as marked in the photo. They would be removable for access behind the panel, and will enhance visibility. The red line is the stiffener, the green lines are an approximation of the window.


 
Jan 08, 2021     Fitting Boot Cowl - (5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.0 hrs.


 
Jan 06, 2021     Fitting boot cowl - (3.7 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 1.0 hrs. Drilled boot cowl floor and fabricated stiffeners. Trimmed side skins to fit around main gear.

The plans are ambiguous about the side skins-- the drawings do not show the actual pieces I was shipped. May have been easier to attach before the gear was mounted, but that's not the sequence in the Text Manual. I made a template for the area near the gear and trimmed one side to the template, then made final adjustments. This complete piece was then used as a template for the other side.

Once again, the failure of the instructions and drawings caused a delay in the project. That's why I can't recommend the S-21 for first-timers until a number of builders publish their build experiences (thanks to KitPlanes and the EAA for this).




 
Jan 04, 2021     Firewall - (7.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 3.5 hrs. Fabricate firewall. Sealed faying surfaces with Proseal. Bonded fuse stiffener/dampers in place. Organized parts for boot cowl assembly.


 
Dec 16, 2020     Riveting fuse. - (6.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.5 hrs. Riveted side and bottom cage skins in place. Used a bead of Sikaflex on tops of side skins where they overlap the cage tubes. I am worried about catching an edge with a toe or cargo and peeling the side skins off.


 
Dec 15, 2020     Drilling cage side skins - (6.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.5 hrs. Finished drilling fore and aft side skins to cage bottom and drilling gear mount holes (forward tail dragger position only). Fabricated skin stiffeners for cage floor and sides. Deburred and prepared for riveting.
 
Dec 15, 2020     C-GJVL Category: Fuselage
Issued a registration number for my S-21 by Transport Canada. Reservation due for renewal Dec 9, 2021.
 
Dec 14, 2020     Flipped fuse - (6 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.0 hrs. Marked fore and aft side panels for drill holes to bottom skin. Flipped fuse right side up. Using a roller, primered faying surfaces on skins and reassembled bottom skin and side skins. Center punched and drilled holes through side skins into bottom skins.
 
Dec 13, 2020     Drilled cage side panels - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled cage side panels and marked for rivet layout along bottom. Taped skins and panels to mask off areas for priming.


 
Dec 12, 2020     Fussing with side panels - (2 hours) Category: Fuselage
Checking side panel fit, deburring, cleaning out seat belt attachment holes and torquing down seat rail attachments.
 
Dec 11, 2020     Attached seat rails - (4.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
March drilled, then upsized cage holes to 1/4” and deburred. Used shop made rivnut puller to attach the rivnuts. Used JB-Weld with the rivnuts to help secure them.

Fabricated the 1/2” long spacers for the stops by cutting them with a hacksaw, then trimming in a drill press with files.

The rivnut puller uses a long #10 NF bolt or screw, an AN365-3 nut (not critical), an AN960-3 washer (again, not critical) and a 3/4" length of 3/16 ID hard aluminum tube (can be cut from the bushing stock provided). I damaged three nuts during the process, so have some spares handy. The nut threads stretch out and eventually strip due to the high forces needed.


 
Dec 09, 2020     Drilling bottom cage skin drilling - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled bottom cage skin through tabs. Heated skin with heat gun before drilling to minimize oil canning. Fabricated templates for inaccessible tabs on sides. Drilled out two CCPQ-45 rivets on bottom longeron attachment to allow for side panel fit up.

Trimmed skins as required to clear rivet heads or skin interference.


 
Dec 08, 2020     Flipped the fuse - (5.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W 2.5 hrs. Flipped the fuse and placed on padded sawhorses. Dissassembled 15' workbench into three sections. Drilled aft edge of bottom cage skin and fit side cage skins.


 
Dec 07, 2020     Completed tail cone riveting. - (3.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Completed riveting the tailcone as far as I can go until flipping the canoe. Spent some time cleaning to get ready to transfer to the sawhorses. Now I need to recruit some help.

Inserted shims for the S4 bulkhead riveting. Worked out fine.


 
Dec 05, 2020     Riveting fuselage - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Riveting top skin. Placing shims on bulkhead flange to minimize pillowing.


 
Dec 04, 2020     Riveting fuselage - (2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
More riveting.


 
Dec 03, 2020     Riveting fuselage - (2 hours) Category: Fuselage
 
Dec 02, 2020     Riveting fuselage - (2 hours) Category: Fuselage
 
Dec 01, 2020     Marking rivets - (1 hour)       Category: Fuselage
Deciphered plans and marked for rivets on fuse.


 
Nov 28, 2020     Assembling Sawhorses - (.5 hour) Category: Fuselage
Assembled sawhorses that I used during my Rocket build. Plan to set fuselage on them for attaching the bottom cage skins.
 
Nov 25, 2020     Finalizing tail cone assembly - (6 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.5 hrs. Finalized drilling and clecoing of tail cone. Checked alignment with digital level: twist 0.0, firewall angle 89.7, both sides. Began riveting along top longerons, both sides and S10 bulkhead.


 
Nov 24, 2020     Finalizing upper skin fitment - (5.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W 1.5 hrs. Painted exposed skin shims, window spacers and retainer rings with grey primer to match existing. Removed upper skins for trimming, edge forming and minor removal of dents and kinks. Clecoed back into position for riveting.

The top shim was remade using 0.040 stock cut from a scrap VS spar from an RV.


 
Nov 23, 2020     Drilling for stiffeners and shims - (5.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.0 hrs. Completed stiffener drilling. Drilled for top and side shims down to top longeron. Replacing top shim with wider version to allow top skin holes to intercept. Marked top skins for trimming to provide a consistent overlap on the top seam and over the fuselage tubes.

Ran trim wires, serial data and power wires to tail through conduit. Serial data and power are for uAvionix TailBeaconX diversity transponder.
 
Nov 22, 2020     Top forward stiffeners - (3.2 hours) Category: Fuselage
Drilled the stiffeners for the top skins between S3 and S4. Discovered that the top shim was not wide enough to capture the front row of rivets along the top fuselage cage. Fabricated a new shim from 0.040 2024-T3 stock.

Once again, the plans/instructions failed me. There is no precise description of how to place top shim so that it can capture all of the holes in the top skins and the fuselage cage. Remaking the shim from stock on hand was the only solution. a 1.5" wide shim seems to wok fine.
 
Nov 21, 2020     Bending stiffeners - (2.7 hours) Category: Fuselage
Bent stiffeners and reinserted into fuselage. Trimmed shims where they interfered with the window spacers. Drilled #40 holes in top skins to #30 and clecoed. For bending the stiffeners, I stretched the metal on the webs at the point of the bend. I used a ball-peen hammer backed with a bucking bar clamped in a vise.
This stretches the metal and causes the stiffener to bend nicely without weakening it. The peening was a crescent shape, broad at the edge of the web and narrowing as it approaches the flange.
 
Nov 20, 2020     Match drilling forward top skins. - (4.2 hours) Category: Fuselage
Drilled R forward top skin. Drilled window angle to skin and fuse cage Rans and top longerons. Drilled both skins to S4 bulkhead and bent stiffeners by peening stiffener angle web at bend point
 
Nov 19, 2020     Mounting forward upper fuse skins - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W 1.0 hrs. Shortened R window angle brace for better fit. Match drilled window angles to fuselage cage gusset to key in aft tail cone. Attached fwd top skins with clecoes and clamps. Drilled left skin to window angle, longeron and fuse cage.


 
Nov 18, 2020     Fitting top tailcone skins - (6 hours) Category: Fuselage
Drilled for S4 closeout nutplates into baggage floor and sides. Trued up the fuselage tail cone and fit the forward top skins into position. Adjusted L window angle by trimming length by about 1/8". R angle still needs trimming.
 
Nov 17, 2020     S4 Closeout - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Drilled #12 in S4 closeout in 2 places. Fabricated and through drilled spacers and glued them to S4 closeout with two AN3 bolts providing clamping force. When glue hardened, removed bolts, fit closeout and match drilled #12 into S4 bulkhead. Drilled for -3 nut plates and riveted them in place.

Fabricated skin shim running across top of cage. Edge formed bottom of top skins. Cleaned up.


 
Nov 16, 2020     S4 close out - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Trimmed and fit pvc close out panel. Top piece trimmed differently than plans to improve appearance.

Trimmed forward end of stiffeners to approximately aft tube of top tailcone location. The instructions are silent on this, but it's pretty obvious. A bit more rigour in the instructions or plans would save a lot more time in the shop.


 
Nov 15, 2020     Clecoeing tailcone - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Tailcone skins clecoed to aft fuse, along with stiffeners. Ran conduit into tailcone for wiring. Big pain to cleco top stiffener because skin holes #40 and stiffener has #30 holes. What genius came up with this? Drilled a couple of skin holes to #30 to support the stiffener, but need to do all of them eventually.


 
Nov 14, 2020     Wiring and bolting - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Tack glue trim servo wiring using hot glue. Epic fail. Hot glue did not stick. Going to rip it out and install conduit Also, tightening all tail dragger bolts to 15 in-lb. Replaced AN3-5 boots and AN960L washers with AN3-6 bolts and AN960 washers to get proper grip length for this critical attachment at S9.

Drilled through the fittings for tail spring attach. Two holes are 3/16 at S10, and one is 5/16 at S9. Managed to pilot drill the S10 holes to #30 and the S9 hole to 3/16 using 12” drills on hand. Will complete hole drilling from below.


 
Nov 12, 2020     Trimming top fuse stiffeners - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Trimmed stiffeners, formed edges on top skins and ran TailbeaconX wiring. Photos herein are from Al Auclair's build.


 
Nov 10, 2020     Frustration - (3 hours) Category: Fuselage
Managed to pull three rivets to secure R window angle. Spent most of the time trying to decipher the plans and instruction for the top skin stiffeners. One set of plans show three, another five and the instruction say ‘stiffener' which means one. Where do the stop? Instructions say S8. Drawings show extra short stiffeners beyond S8.
 
Nov 09, 2020     Baggage floor - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Riveted floor bottom stiffeners. Attached platenuts using flush solid rivets Riveted aft end of L window angle brace. Temporarily clecoed top forward tail skin in place to check fit.

My friend and building buddy Dave W suffered a heart attack yesterday. I hope he fully recovers and is back soon.


 
Nov 06, 2020     Fitting baggage floor - (5.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Trimmed baggage floor stiffeners. Drilled for platenuts. Edge formed upper edges of floor skins. Dave W 2hrs.

Will be covering baggage panels with lightweight fabric. Estimate 1.5 yards.


 
Nov 05, 2020     Trimming baggage floor stiffeners - (.7 hour) Category: Fuselage
Trimmed baggage floor stiffeners. Current plan is to trim off the webs fore and aft as required so that the flanges extend over the plate nut tab and S4 bulkhead flange. This will provide a bit more rigdity to the floor.
 
Nov 04, 2020     Fitting baggage compartment sides and foor - (5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave W. 2.0 hrs. Fit and drilled the baggage sidewalls and floor. Need to shorten stiffeners.
 
Nov 03, 2020     Finalized aft rudder cable rigging - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Redesigned Rans method of rigging the rudder pulleys in the aft tail cone. Used a castellated nut and safety wire on the top bolt, reversed the AN365 nut on the vertical bolt to allow a better fit.


 
Nov 02, 2020     Fuselage angle braces and rudder rigging - (7 hours) Category: Fuselage
Fabricated second window support strut, rigged rudder cables in aft fuse and drilled baggage compartment side panels. Dave W 3.5 hrs.
 
Oct 31, 2020     Fuselage angle braces - (3 hours) Category: Fuselage
Fabricated one angle brace. Organized parts. Attempted to install hangers for rudder pullies at station 10. Discovered that many ANxA bolts need replacing with ANx bolts and castellated AN10 or AN20 nuts plus cotter pins to be compliant with MDRA building standards.
 
Oct 30, 2020     Tail Cone Attachment - (5.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Attached baggage supports, drilled for rudder cable bushings, trued fuselage for Wing alignment. Dave W 2.5
 
Oct 28, 2020     Tail Cone Attach - (7 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Fabricate mid and bottom reinforcement angles. Drilled mid angles and bottom left angle. Fuselage cage tab fit best when sandwiched between the longeron and reinforcement angles. Dave W helper 3.5 hrs. The photo shows how we pinned things together wile drilling bottom reinforcements.


 
Oct 27, 2020     Connecting Cage to Tailcone - (3.2 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Spent 3 hours aligning tailcone to cage. 20 minutes of Match drilling fuselage tangs through tailcone longerons. Achieved perfect alignment. Used Avery right angle drill for lower connection.


 
Oct 26, 2020     Fuselage Riveting - (8 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Riveted side skins to bulkheads. Flipped canoe onto workbench and lined up cage. Trimmed center longerons to 4.2" from last forward holes. Dave W. 3.5 hrs.

When I started building airplanes, I had brown hair and a red moustache. What happened?


 
Oct 24, 2020     Fuselage Riveting - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Modified sawhorses to fit inside the upside down fuselage. Riveting fuselage bulkheads to bottom skin. Clecoing plate nuts to inspection panel rings.


 
Oct 23, 2020     Riveting and Assembling Canoe - (5.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. helper (2.5 hrs). Completed riveting stiffeners and longerons to bottom skin. Clecoed Bulkheads in place. Riveted stiffeners to side skins and clecoed in place.



 
Oct 22, 2020     Riveting stiffeners and longerons to bottom skin - (5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Dave W. (2 hrs). Fabricate saw horses and riveted longerons snd stiffeners.


 
Oct 21, 2020     Fuse Stringers - (2.7 hours) Category: Fuselage
Trimming and attaching bottom fuse skin stiffeners. Ready to position on sawhorses.
 
Oct 20, 2020     Tailcone Bottom - (3 hours) Category: Fuselage
Riveting access panel rings using solid flush rivets. Laying out stringers.
 
Oct 19, 2020     Riveting Bulkhead assemblies - (2.7 hours) Category: Fuselage
Riveted fuselage bulkheads and adjusted bottom flange anglles to 97 degrees.
 
Oct 18, 2020     Preparing Bulkheads - (.5 hour) Category: Fuselage
Clecoeing fuse bulkheads together.
 
Aug 13, 2020     Priming Fuse skins - (6 hours) Category: Fuselage
Finished shooting green primer on fuse skins, plus grey primer on the interior surfaces of the cabin parts. D. Watkins 3 hrs of slave labour.
 
Aug 12, 2020     Scuffing and cleaning parts - (3.0 hours) Category: Fuselage
Help from D. Watkins 1.5 hrs
 
Aug 11, 2020     Drilling new rudder ribs and spar - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Match drilled replacement rudder ribs and spar. Weighted rudder down and carefully levelled prior to drilling. The instructions say to rivet as you go, but I needed to disassemble for priming the new ribs after match drilling. The assembly also needs to be left partially open for inspection by the MD-RA.


 
Aug 07, 2020     Organizing parts for priming - (1.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Long fuselage skins ready for cleaning/priming. Other parts marked for grey interior priming.
 
Jul 17, 2020     Scrubbing and Priming - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Scrubbing many small parts and shooting primer for fuse and tail.


 
Jul 16, 2020     Shooting Primer - (2.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Mostly larger sheets, fuse and tail parts.
 
Jul 15, 2020     Scrubbing Parts - (7.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Pepping parts for priming. D. Watkins 3 hrs.


 
Jul 14, 2020     Priming - (2.2 hours) Category: Fuselage
Priming more parts with Super-K
 
Jul 13, 2020     Prepping For Priming - (6.2 hours) Category: Fuselage
More scrubbing for primer prep. D.Watkins 3 hrs.
 
Jul 07, 2020     Shooting Primer - (3 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Shot Super-K on fuselage and tail parts.

Somebody please shoot me if I ever plan to prime an airplane again. I'm trying to prime all of the fuse and tail parts before assembly of any of the subkits. My theory is to do the priming in the summer and assembly in the fall, but this means a lot of prep and spraying without the positive feedback of putting stuff together.


 
Jul 06, 2020     Prepping parts for Primer - (6 hours) Category: Fuselage
Prepping fuse and tail parts by scrubbing with Scotch Brite and degreaser. 3.5 hours for myself and 2.5 hours for D. Watkins.
 
Jun 29, 2020     Primed Elevator Pushrod - (1.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Cleaned and scuffed interior of pushrod by using 'Scotch Brite on a Stick' and Prekote. When dry, sealed one end with tape and sealed the drilled holes as well. Poured in Super-K, swirled around and drained excess. Removed tape and cleaned excess primer from off tube exterior.


 
Jun 26, 2020     Shooting Primer - (2.0 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Setting up tables, mixing Super-K and spraying primer on tail parts. That's 5.5 hours total prep/priming time for one table's worth of parts. Probably ten tables worth of parts total, so may take the rest of summer to complete, include other distractions, including the installation of my OnSpeed display device in my Rocket.


 
Jun 25, 2020     Primer Prep - (3.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
Preparing parts for priming by using Prekote and cross scrubbing with purple Scotch Brite.
Summary of process:

Deburr all parts.
Remove labels and clean label residue with solvent.
Clean and scuff parts by spraying with Prekote (or equivalent) and cross-scrubbing with purple Scotch Brite pads. Do not let the PreKote dry on the parts.
Flush parts with copious amounts of water after scrubbing. Shake off water and store parts so the water drains off.
Let the parts dry thoroughly. Cover them with plastic or cardboard if you aren't priming immediately.
Within 24 hours, spray-prime parts with Super-Koropan, according to PPG's directions.
For certain parts (inside of folded skins) and touch-up, it's OK to brush on the Super-K. Not pretty, but serves the purpose.


 
Jun 20, 2020     Removing labels and inspecting parts - (2.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Touched up deburring, peeled labels and cleaned tape residue off of parts with solvent.
 
Jun 19, 2020     Deburring Fuse parts. - (2.5 hours)       Category: Fuselage
More drudgery. Finished deburring all fuselage and tail kit parts. Selfie, showing the effect of long hours of deburring...


 
Jun 16, 2020     Deburring Fuse and interior parts - (1.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
 
Jun 15, 2020     Deburring Fuse and interior parts. - (5.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave Watkins helping (2.5 hrs) +me
 
Jun 12, 2020     Deburring Fuse and interior parts - (2 hours) Category: Fuselage
 
Jun 11, 2020     Deburring Fuse parts - (6 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave Watkins helping (3 hrs) + me
 
Jun 10, 2020     Deburring Fuse parts - (5 hours) Category: Fuselage
Dave Watkins helping (2 hrs) + me
 
Jun 09, 2020     Deburring Fuse parts - (1.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
 
Jun 08, 2020     Deburring Fuse parts - (2.5 hours) Category: Fuselage
 


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